伺服动力电源技术发展概述

近年来，机电伺服系统在航空、航天领域得到了广泛应用，逐渐形成了新的推力矢量控制和舵面控制实现方式，并推动了伺服动力电源的多样性发展。研究了国外运载火箭、导弹及飞机伺服动力电源技术的发展现状，梳理了各类场景中伺服动力电源的应用特点及未来需求，对比了常见的热电池、锌银电池、锂离子电池及涡轮发电等各类伺服动力电源的技术特点，并提出了高电压、高比功率、高比容量（新型电池，涡轮发电）、一体化/智能化/高可靠等伺服动力电源技术的未来发展方向。     

A multi-stage regulation strategy of space manipulators with a free-swinging joint failure

To ensure tasks can be completed after a free-swinging joint failure occurs, a multi-stage regulation strategy of space manipulators is proposed. Considering all terms of the dynamics equation, an evaluation model of the regulation ability (EMRA) of active joints over the fault joint is established based on the fuzzy entropy. And then a multi-stage regulation strategy based on the EMRA is designed to regulate the fault joint. The strategy divides the regulation process into several stages, and select a certain active joint to regulative the fault joint in every stage. With this multi-stage regulation strategy, the fault joint can be regulated to the desired angle without huge torque on regulative joints. The simulation is carried out with a 7-DOF space manipulator, verifying the correctness and effectiveness of the multi-stage regulation strategy. The strategy has three advantages: Coriolis and centrifugal terms are both considered for the first time in selecting the regulative joint, making the selection result more in line with the actual regulation process; The influence of the model uncertainty is eliminated in establishing the EMRA, making the evaluation of regulative ability more precise; The fault joint is successfully regulated to the desired angle without huge torque on regulative joints.     

不同直径圆球诱导燃烧的振荡机制与频率特性

为了分析不同直径圆球诱导振荡燃烧的规律，并揭示圆球大小在振荡燃烧现象中所发挥的深层次作用，本文采用二维轴对称Euler方程和基元反应模型，对不同直径的圆球在H2/air预混气体中诱导振荡燃烧的现象开展数值模拟研究。研究发现，振荡频率并不是简单地随直径增大而逐渐从高频向低频连续过渡，而是存在两次突变，形成了超高频、高频以及低频三种振荡燃烧模态。在两种模态间过渡时，振荡达到稳定状态前，会存在一段双频耦合的振荡阶段。三种不同振荡燃烧模态的产生是受到了不同振荡机制的作用，而两种模态间过渡时的双频耦合现象则是两种机制相互竞争的结果。     

详细化学反应机理对预混丙烷钝体熄火模拟影响

航空发动机熄火预测是重要关键问题之一，湍流和化学反应的非线性相互作用使预测非常困难。本文采用大涡模拟（LES）对湍流进行高精度模拟，采用概率密度函数输运方程湍流燃烧模型（TPDF）耦合JL4、Z66和H73三种化学反应机理，对预混丙烷钝体熄火现象和规律进行研究。JL4的反应机理最简单，反应释热快，局部放热高，火焰宽度大，火焰两侧温度梯度大，燃烧更加趋于稳定，无法模拟出熄火状态。H73机理绝热火焰温度低，火焰温度低，回流区中部OH含量高；在近熄火状态，大量CO被氧化，释放热量过高导致无法模拟出熄火现象。Z66机理可以模拟出火焰正常状态，在低当量比下也可以模拟出熄火状态。本文算例中，局部Da数大于1的区域超过35%则会发生熄火。     

Geometric error analysis of an over-constrained parallel tracking mechanism using the screw theory

This paper deals with geometric error modeling and sensitivity analysis of an overconstrained parallel tracking mechanism. The main contribution is the consideration of overconstrained features that are usually ignored in previous research. The reciprocal property between a motion and a force is applied to tackle this problem in the framework of the screw theory. First of all, a nominal kinematic model of the parallel tracking mechanism is formulated. On this basis, the actual twist of the moving platform is computed through the superposition of the joint twist and geometric errors. The actuation and constrained wrenches of each limb are applied to exclude the joint displacement. After eliminating repeated errors brought by the multiplication of wrenches, a geometric error model of the parallel tracking mechanism is built. Furthermore,two sensitivity indices are defined to select essential geometric errors for future kinematic calibration. Finally, the geometric error model with minimum geometric errors is verified by simulation with SolidWorks software. Two typical poses of the parallel tracking mechanism are selected, and the differences between simulation and calculation results are very small. The results confirm the correctness and accuracy of the geometric error modeling method for over-constrained parallel mechanisms.     

基于自适应Kriging代理模型的交叉熵重要抽样法

对于复杂失效域和小失效概率耦合的可靠性分析问题，本文提出了一种交叉熵重要抽样（CE-IS）方法结合自适应Kriging （AK）代理模型的求解方法（CE-IS-AK）。所提方法基于交叉熵原理，用混合高斯模型逐步逼近最优重要抽样密度函数，并采用AK模型协助逼近过程中混合高斯模型的参数的更新，从而提高了CE-IS方法的计算效率。另外，本文还改进了CE-IS方法的收敛准则，避免了方法的冗余迭代，扩大了方法的适用范围。由于在CE-IS方法中引入了AK模型，因此，本文方法所构建的重要抽样函数在保证精度的基础上提高了效率。相较于AK-MCS方法，本文方法中引入了重要抽样的思想，因此在Kriging训练点数目基本相同的情况下，大幅缩减小失效概率计算时样本池规模，并且由于利用了混合高斯模型，因而对多失效域具有较好的适用性。算例分析也证明了本文所提方法的优越性。     

期望状态序列导向的深空探测器规划修复方法

Aiming at the challenges caused by the persistence, concurrency and energy consumption of probe actions, a plan repair method of deep space probe based on the expected state sequence is proposed. In this method, the expected state sequence is formed of the expected effect of the unfinished action and the expected precondition of the unexecuted action in the pre designed plan, according to the execution status of the action. The expected state sequence is an ordered set of states with mixed logic and energy, providing subgoals for plan repair and also transforming the plan repair problem into the state transition path searching problem. During the search, the plan repair strategy with energy supply priority is proposed, which separates the logic repair from energy repair to reduce the difficulty of solving the problem. And this method enables the probe to recover from plan failure autonomously. Finally, the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method are verified through simulation by taking the Mars Orbiter as an example.     

水下巡检蛇形机器人移动单元结构设计及计算

随着经济蓬勃发展,水生农作物市场的需求量不断增长,水域水质检测行业显得日益重要,但人工水质水域检测效率低下,为此设计一套可以搭载检测传感器的水质检测蛇形机器人,以提高检测效率、降低检测成本、减轻人工劳动力度。为适应水下环境,该机器人具备小巧、灵活、机动性能好、转弯灵活、对复杂水域适应能力强、可检测不同深度水质的特点,在此针对机器人的移动单元结构设计及强度校核等问题进行分析,可为以后解决此类问题提供一种验证手段。     

前向数据接入方式对导航星座网络通信性能的影响分析

对采用时分多址轮询建链体制的导航星座星间链路网络，为了指导星间链路网络地面前向数据接入的应用，分析了不同地面前向数据接入方式的星-星-地联合数据交互机制及其对网络通信性能的影响，并结合应用代价给出了综合评价和使用建议。以前向数据最快路径接入方式和固定节点接入方式为代表，分析了星间链路网络与地面间星 星 地联合数据交互机制的特点，明确了两种方式下星间链路网络拓扑路由规划策略的制定原则。通过构建Walker 24/3/1导航星座星间链路网络数据处理模型及典型星地运行场景，对两种地面前向数据接入方式仿真分析了星间链路通信容量和传输时延等网络通信性能，比较分析了通信容量及数据拥塞规律，得出前向数据最快路径接入方式相比于固定节点接入方式在通信性能上有较明显优势的结论。最后，综合给出了两种星 星 地联合数据交互机制的应用性评价,同时给出了在通信容量较低且通信时延要求不高、但可靠性要求较高的应用条件下，可适度采用固定节点接入方式的建议。     

An energy-based coupling degradation propagation model and its application to aviation actuation system

The degradation of components in complex mechatronic systems involves multiple physical processes which will cause coupling interactions among nodes in the system. The interaction of nodes may be carried out not only by physical connections but also by the environment which cannot be described by single network using the traditional methods. In order to give out a unified model to quantitatively describe the coupling degradation spreading by both physical connections and environment, a novel Energy-Flow-Field Network (EFFN) and a coupling degradation model based on EFFN are proposed in this paper. The EFFN is driven by energy flow and the state transition of spatially related nodes is triggered by the dissipation energy. An application is conducted on aviation actuation system in which the degradation spreading by fluid-thermal-solid interaction is considered. The degradation path and the most probable fault reason can be obtained by combining the state transition and energy output of nodes, which is consistent with the given scenario.